), and the runtime needs a G struct to represent this new goroutine. But it doesn’t necessarily allocate one from scratch — first, it checks the current P’s local free list of dead goroutines. If there’s one available, it gets recycled, stack and all. If the local list is empty, it tries to grab a batch from the global free list in schedt. Only if both are empty does the runtime allocate a new G with a fresh 2KB stack. This reuse is why goroutine creation is so cheap — most of the time, it’s just pulling a G off a list and reinitializing a few fields.
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